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eBook details

• Title: Developments in Diagnosing the Most Common Hospital-Acquired Infection: C. Difficile (Article 373: 1 Clock Hour)
• Author : Journal of Continuing Education Topics&Issues
• Release Date : January 01, 2011
• Genre: Education,Books,Professional & Technical,
• Pages : * pages
• Size : 201 KB

Description

Clostridium difficile (also known as C. diff or CDF) is a gram-positive anaerobic bacterium. It exists in both a bacterial form (also known as a vegetative form) and in spore form. The spores can mature into the bacterial form in the human colon. Once in the bacterial form, some species of C. diff secrete potent enterotoxins which damage the colonic mucosa and cause a secretory diarrhea. Most cases of CDF occur in individuals using antibiotics, where the normal colon flora have been destroyed and C. diff has a survival advantage, says Frank Friedenberg, MD, MS (Epi), professor of medicine, Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA. The most common symptoms of C. difficile infection (CDI) are watery diarrhea (grossly bloody stools are rare), abdominal pain, nausea, loss of appetite, cramping and fever. "Ironically, some of the most severe CDI cases will present with ileus, with a distended, tender abdomen, low blood pressure and 'toxic' appearance, but no diarrhea," says Stuart Johnson, MD, deputy ACOS for research, Hines VA Hospital, and professor, Loyola Stritch School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. The peripheral white blood cell count is usually quite high and a radiographic picture of the abdomen may show marked bowel dilation and/or thickening.

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